Mathematics — Class 11
Unit I: Sets and Functions
23 marksSets
Sets and their representations, empty set, finite and infinite sets, equal sets, subsets, subsets of a set of real numbers especially intervals (with notations). Universal set. Venn diagrams. Union and intersection of sets. Difference of sets. Complement of a set. Properties of complement.
Relations and Functions
Ordered pairs. Cartesian product of sets. Number of elements in the Cartesian product of two finite sets. Cartesian product of the set of reals with itself (up to R × R × R). Definition of relation, pictorial diagrams, domain, co-domain and range of a relation. Function as a special type of relation. Pictorial representation of a function, domain, co-domain and range of a function. Real valued functions, domain and range of these functions: constant, identity, polynomial, rational, modulus, signum, exponential, logarithmic and greatest integer functions, with their graphs. Sum, difference, product and quotients of functions.
Trigonometric Functions
Positive and negative angles. Measuring angles in radians and in degrees and conversion from one measure to another. Definition of trigonometric functions with the help of unit circle. Truth of the identity sin²x + cos²x = 1 for all x. Signs of trigonometric functions. Domain and range of trigonometric functions and their graphs. Expressing sin(x±y) and cos(x±y) in terms of sinx, siny, cosx and cosy and their simple applications. Identities related to sin2x, cos2x, tan2x, sin3x, cos3x and tan3x.
Unit II: Algebra
25 marksComplex Numbers and Quadratic Equations
Need for complex numbers, especially √–1, motivated by inability to solve some quadratic equations. Algebraic properties of complex numbers. Argand plane.
Linear Inequalities
Linear inequalities. Algebraic solutions of linear inequalities in one variable and their representation on the number line.
Permutations and Combinations
Fundamental principle of counting. Factorial n (n!). Permutations and combinations, derivation of formulae for ⁿPr and ⁿCr and their connections, simple applications.
Binomial Theorem
Historical perspective, statement and proof of the binomial theorem for positive integral indices. Pascal's triangle, simple applications.
Sequence and Series
Sequence and series. Arithmetic mean (A.M.). Geometric progression (G.P.), general term of a G.P., sum of n terms of a G.P., infinite G.P. and its sum, geometric mean (G.M.), relation between A.M. and G.M.
Unit III: Coordinate Geometry
12 marksStraight Lines
Brief recall of two-dimensional geometry from earlier classes. Slope of a line and angle between two lines. Various forms of equations of a line: parallel to axis, point-slope form, slope-intercept form, two-point form, intercept form. Distance of a point from a line.
Conic Sections
Sections of a cone: circles, ellipse, parabola, hyperbola, a point, a straight line and a pair of intersecting lines as a degenerate case of a conic section. Standard equations and simple properties of parabola, ellipse and hyperbola. Standard equation of a circle.
Introduction to Three-Dimensional Geometry
Coordinate axes and coordinate planes in three dimensions. Coordinates of a point. Distance between two points.
Unit IV: Calculus
8 marksLimits and Derivatives
Derivative introduced as rate of change both as that of distance function and geometrically; intuitive idea of limits of polynomials and rational functions, trigonometric, exponential and logarithmic functions. Definition of derivative relates it to slope of tangent of the curve. Derivative of sum, difference, product and quotient of functions. Derivatives of polynomial and trigonometric functions.
Unit V: Statistics and Probability
12 marksStatistics
Measures of dispersion: range, mean deviation, variance and standard deviation of ungrouped/grouped data.
Probability
Events: occurrence of events, 'not', 'and' and 'or' events, exhaustive events, mutually exclusive events. Axiomatic (set theoretic) probability, connections with other theories of earlier classes. Probability of an event, probability of 'not', 'and' and 'or' events.